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LABORATORY SERVICES
The Caine Center provides a number of laboratory services including
Bacteriology, Virology, Histopathology and Clinical Pathology. Below is a list of tests available from each
laboratory, as well as the required sample types and approximate testing
times.
If you are not sure which tests to request, or cannot find the desired
test on the list, please contact us at CVTC: (208) 454-8657 and ask to
speak with a lab technician.
Samples requiring tests that are not performed at the Caine Center will be
forwarded to outside laboratories for processing. Please call if the test
you are requesting is not listed on this web site. You may want to deal
directly with the outside laboratory. Shipping and handling as well as a
referral fee will be charged in addition to the test charges.
Sample
Submission to CVTC:
 Whether you
are shipping samples via USPS or hand-delivering to our office, please be sure to package samples so that no one handling the package is at risk for
exposure to pathogenic organisms. Remember: all samples are suspect and
must be packaged accordingly.
Avoid shipping
samples over holidays and weekends. Most delivery services will be unable
to get packages to CVTC, and we have limited staff and may not be
available to accept samples.
Be sure items
to be shipped are secure and in leak-proof containers, and include ice
packs to keep samples cold up to 48 hours.
New Clients must complete a New
Account Information Form and Laboratory Submission form please click
here for
download.
Bacteriology / Mycology
Contacts: Greta Tollefson - Beth Mamer, PhD - Linda Loucks
Clinical
Pathology/ Histopathology
Contacts:
Mary Matlock - Amy Yacavace
Virology/
Serology
Contacts:
Beth Mamer, PhD - James J. England, DVM - Amy Yacavace
All
personnel can be reached at (208) 454-8657.
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Submission Guidelines (All
Labs) |
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Improperly collected samples may lead to longer processing times and
erroneous diagnoses. Take care in the storage and shipping of the samples
being submitted to the CVTC. The following are some guidelines to
optimize the accuracy of the diagnosis. If you have any questions
regarding sample collection, submission or testing, please call the Caine
Center and speak with a technician: (208) 454-8657. |
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1.
All samples
must be submitted with an Accession Form
(click here) . New clients please
(click
here) for our New Client Account Form combined with
our standard accession form. When completing any accession form please
include: |
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Contact information for
veterinarian and owner. Results will be reported to the clinician and/or
owner as indicated on paperwork, except for antibiotic sensitivity results
which must be reported to a veterinarian. |
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Species,
breed, age, sex and ID of each animal |
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Brief history including drug treatments |
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List of
samples being submitted and desired tests for each. |
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Place paperwork in a
sealed container or zip lock bag, separate from samples.
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Contact
information for veterinarian and owner. Results will be reported to the
clinician and/or owner as indicated on paperwork, except for antibiotic
sensitivity results which must be reported to a veterinarian. |
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2.
Samples
must be submitted in clean, leak-proof containers. |
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Use
appropriate containers for each sample, e.g. Whirl-Paks, fecal cups, milk
tubes, etc. Do NOT submit liquid samples in bags. Gloves are not
acceptable sample containers. |
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Use leak-proof
containers.
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External
surfaces of containers must be free of contamination by organic materials.
Double bagging may be necessary to reduce risk of contamination.
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| If submitting
a sample in a syringe (e.g. joint tap, etc.) the end of the syringe must
be covered - use either syringe cap or covered needle.
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3. Clearly
label all samples with the animal ID and the type of sample (lung, liver, tracheal swab,
abscess aspirate, etc.) Outside container should be labeled with the
owner, veterinarian and animal ID. |
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4. If testing is
to be done in multiple laboratories, divide the samples and label them for
the appropriate laboratory and desired tests. Please provide adequate
material for each lab. If you are not sure what testing might
be needed, single, intact samples may be submitted for the technicians to
distribute as needed. |
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5. If submitting
large numbers of samples, call the laboratory for scheduling. |
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6.
Samples
submitted after 4:00 PM may be processed the following day.
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MICROBIOLOGY |
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Bacteriology/
Mycology: |
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In our lab we are able to culture and identify common pathogenic bacteria
and fungi from a variety of samples including tissues, swabs and
aspirates, fecal material, etc. Testing often takes 3-5 days before
meaningful results can be reported. |
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Samples:
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Tissues
for culture (lung, spleen, liver, kidney, etc.) should be at least
2 inches cubed (about the size of a fist) and include smooth membrane
surface when possible. Fluids
(including milk)
for culture should be in sterile tubes and at least 2mL. Do not overfill
tubes. Syringes should be capped. |
| Fecal and
intestinal
samples should be at least 3 grams. |
| Specimens for
isolation of anaerobic pathogens including Clostridium
spp. should be sent in an anaerobic transport system when available.
Aspirates may be sent in a capped syringe as long as no air has been
introduced. Larger tissue samples may be sent in high quality zipper
bags or Whirl-Pak bags. It is best to avoid exposure to air as much as
possible. |
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Bovine Trichomonas
Samples:
For an official Idaho test, samples must arrive at the laboratory within
48 hours of collection and include an Idaho Trichomoniasis Test and
Report Form. Forms must be signed by the veterinarian taking the
samples. All samples should be individually labeled and kept cool during
shipping. Use ice packs if needed. High temperatures will kill these
protozoa. |
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Bacteriology/ Mycology |
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Test |
Sample Types |
Approximate Time
for Results |
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Abortion Screen
for Sheep and Goats |
Placenta
and or cotyledons, fetus, fetal tissues |
5-10 days |
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Acid-fast Stain |
Feces, intestine,
tissues |
24 hours |
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Aerobic Culture
(Standard) |
Any |
3-5 days |
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Anaerobic Culture |
Tissue, aspirate,
etc. NO SWABS
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3-5 days |
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Anaerobic
Identification |
Culture of
anaerobic organism |
24 hours* |
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Antibiotic
Sensitivity (disk diffusion
method)-Food Animal
Antibiotic
Panel-Companion Animal
Antibiotic Panel-Mastitis Panel
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Culture of
isolated organism |
24-48 hours
(does not include time for isolation and identification of organism). |
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Api®
Identification |
Isolated organism |
24-48 hours* |
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Blood Culture |
Blood culture
bottles |
1 week |
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Bulk Tank
Analysis and Enumeration |
Milk from Bulk
Tank |
3-5 days |
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Campylobacter
culture |
Fetus,
Placenta, Feces |
5 days |
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CL (Caseous
lymphadenitis) Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis |
Abscess,
aspirate, swab, ask for standard aerobic culture
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3-5 days |
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Chlamydia
FA stain |
Abortion, eye
swab, etc. |
24-48 hours |
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Cryptosporidium
(AF Stain) |
Feces, intestine,
slide |
24 hours |
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Enteric Culture
for E. coli, Salmonella, etc. |
Feces, intestine,
lymph nodes, etc. |
3-5 days |
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Environmental
Analysis and Enumeration |
Feed, bedding,
soil, swab |
5-10 days |
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Environmental
Salmonella Culture |
Feed, bedding,
soil |
5-10 days |
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Fungal Culture |
Any |
Up to 3 weeks |
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Johne’s Culture
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Feces, intestine,
intestinal lymph nodes |
Up to 8-16 weeks |
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Listeria
Culture |
Brain, spinal
fluid, Milk, Fetus, Placenta |
Up to 12 weeks |
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Milk cultures |
Milk |
3-5 days |
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Mycoplasma
Culture (
Mammalian or Avian culture) |
Milk,
respiratory tissue, joints, swab, etc. |
10 days |
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Neonatal Diarrhea |
Feces, intestine
and/or lymph nodes |
3-5 days |
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Salmonella
Culture |
Any, including
lung, liver, ileum, feces, mesenteric lymph nodes |
3-5 days |
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Standard Aerobic Culture |
Any |
3-5 days |
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Vibrio Culture (Campylobacter)
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Fetus,
Placenta, Feces |
5 days |
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OTHER TESTS |
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Test |
Sample Types |
Approximate Time
for Results |
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E. coli
K99 Pili-Test |
Feces, intestinal
content, Culture of E. coli |
24 hours |
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Salmonella
Serogrouping |
Isolated
Salmonella culture |
24 hours |
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Somatic Cell
Count |
Milk |
24 hours |
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Trichomonas
evaluation |
Diamonds media
tubes or pouches- Samples must reach the lab within 48 hours of
collection. |
7-8 days |
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MICROSCOPY |
(Slides) |
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Test |
Sample Types |
Approximate Time
for Results |
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FA: Chlamydia,
Toxoplasma |
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Acid-fast Stain |
Any, including
slides |
24 hours |
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Chlamydia
FA Stain |
Any, including
slides |
24-48 hours |
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Clostridium
FA Stain |
Any, including
slides |
24-48 hours |
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Cryptosporidiosis
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Feces, intestine,
slides |
24 hours |
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Darkfield
Microscopy for Spirochetes including Leptospira |
Urine, kidney,
intestinal- need to be tested within 1 hour of collection
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Same day |
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Gimenez Stain for
Chlamydia, Rickettsia, Q Fever |
Any, including
slides |
24 hours |
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Gram Stain |
Any, including
slides |
24 hours |
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*ABORTION
SCREENS |
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Test |
Sample Types |
Approximate Time
for Results |
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Ovine/Caprine
Abortions |
Placenta, fetus,
fetal tissues and/or cotyledons |
5-10 days |
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FA Stains:
Chlamydia, Toxoplasma |
Placenta, brain,
lung, liver, kidney |
48hrs |
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*Placenta is
more important than fetus. If no placenta is available try to
submit uterine exudate. |
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**Bovine
Large Abortions
Greater than
15 lbs Necropsy and send samples
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Whole fetus under
15 lbs. Placenta or Cotyledons and tissues only on a larger
fetus. (Brain, lung, heart, liver, kidney), Stomach content for
Trichomonas testing |
5-7 days |
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**Abortion
serology is sent to WSU. Paired sera are recommended |
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FA Stains: IBR,
BVD, Neospora |
Placenta/Cotyledons, brain, lung, liver, kidney |
48hrs |
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Ag Capture ELISA:
BVD |
Skin from fetus
and serum and ear notch from Dam |
24-48hrs |
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Camelid
Abortions |
Whole fetus
including placenta |
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FA Stains: BVD,
Toxoplasma, Chlamydia |
Placenta/Cotyledons, brain, lung, liver, kidney |
48hrs |
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VIROLOGY/SEROLOGY |
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Test |
Type and Size of
Sample |
Approximate
Timeframe for Results |
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ELISA TESTS |
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Bovine Virus
Diarrhea (BVD) |
Ear notch, blood
(Red-top or EDTA tube), tissue |
24-48hrs |
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Bovine Leukemia
Virus (BLV) |
Blood (Red-top
tube) |
24-48hrs |
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Johne’s |
Blood (Red-top
tube) |
24-48hrs |
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FLUORESCENT
ANTIBODY STAINS |
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Viral FA Stains |
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Test |
Sample Types |
Approximate
Timeframe for Results |
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Infectious Bovine
Rhinotracheitis (IBR)
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Trachea, lung,
trans tracheal swab |
48hrs |
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Bovine Viral
Diarrhea (BVD)
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Lung, liver,
kidney, brain, blood (EDTA tube) |
48hrs |
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Bovine
Parainfluenza Type 3 (PI3)
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Lung, trans
tracheal swab |
48hrs |
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Bovine
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV)
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Lung, trans
tracheal swab |
48hrs |
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Blue Tongue (BT) |
Blood (EDTA
tube), lung |
48hrs |
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Bovine Adenovirus
Type (BAV1 & 3)
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Lung, trans
tracheal swab, intestine |
48hrs |
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Bovine Adenovirus
Type 5 (BAV5)
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Lung, trans
tracheal swab, intestine |
48hrs |
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Bovine Corona
Virus (BCV)
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Intestine, lung |
48hrs |
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Transmissible
Gastroenteritis (TGE)
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Intestine |
48hrs |
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Porcine
Parvovirus (PPV)
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Intestine |
48hrs |
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Bacterial FA
Stains |
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Test |
Sample Types |
Approximate
Timeframe for Results |
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Clostridium
chauvoei |
Tissue (muscle) |
48hrs |
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Clostridium novyi |
Tissue (liver) |
48hrs |
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Clostridium
septicum |
Tissue |
48hrs |
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Clostridium
sordelli |
Tissue |
48hrs |
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